SIL Electronic Working Papers 1997-006, December
1997
Copyright © 1997 Cheryl A. Black and Summer Institute of
Linguistics, Inc.
All rights reserved.
The program produces the following output for the input:
who might Jorge seem to think Amy likes
1: S_1 | CP_2 _______|______ NP_3 C'_4 who ______|_______ V_5 IP_6 might _______|________ NP_7 I'_8 Jorge _______|_______ V-trace_9 VP_10 0 | V'_11 ________|_________ V'_12 IP_14 | ________|_______ V_13 NP-A-trace_15 I'_16 seem 0 ______|_______ I_17 VP_18 to | V'_19 ______|______ V'_20 IP_22 | ______|______ V_21 NP_23 I'_24 think Amy | VP_25 | V'_26 _____|_____ V'_27 NP-trace_29 | 0 V_28 likes S_1: [ cat: S ] CP_2: [ cat: CP moved: [ A-bar: none ] type: [ fin: + q: + root: + wh: + ] ] NP_3: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: accusative number:sg person:3rd ] gloss: who lex: who type: [ anaphor:- animate:+ pred: - wh: + ] ] C'_4: [ cat: C' moved: [ A: none A-bar: [ first: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: accusative ] role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] head: none ] type: [ fin: + q: + root: + ] ] V_5: [ cat: V agr: [ vform: bare ] gloss: might lex: might moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: [ first: [ cat: VP agr: [ person:irrelevant vform: bare ] role: Event type: [ modal: - ] ] rest: none ] subj: none ] type: [ aux: + be1: - have: - modal: + passive:- ] ] IP_6: [ cat: IP agr: $2[ case: nominative gender:masc number:sg person:3rd ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: $1[ first: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: accusative ] role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] head: [ cat: V type: [ aux: + fin: + q: + ] ] ] subcat: [ comp: [ first: [ cat: VP agr: [person:irrelevant vform: bare ] bind: [ agr: [ gender:masc number:sg person:3rd ] ] moved:[ A: [ first: [ cat: NP agr: $2 gloss: Jorge lex: Jorge role: Agent type: [ anaphor:- animate:+ pred: - wh: - ] ] rest: none ] A-bar: $1 ] subcat: [ comp: none subj: none ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] ] ] type: [ fin: + q: + root: + ] ] NP_7: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: nominative gender:masc number:sg person:3rd ] gloss: Jorge lex: Jorge type: [ anaphor:- animate:+ pred: - wh: - ] ] I'_8: [ cat: I' moved: [ A: $3[ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] A-bar: $2[ first: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: accusative ] role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] head: [ cat: V type: [ aux: + fin: + q: + ] ] ] subcat: [ comp: [ first: [ cat: VP agr: [ person:irrelevant vform: bare ] moved: [ A: $3 A-bar: $2 ] subcat: [ comp: none subj: none ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] ] subj: none ] type: [ fin: + q: + root: + ] ] V-trace_9: [ cat: V-trace type: [ null: + ] ] VP_10: [ cat: VP agr: [ person:irrelevant vform: bare ] moved: [ A: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] A-bar: [ first: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: accusative ] role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] subcat: [ comp: none subj: none ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] V'_11: [ cat: V' agr: [ person:irrelevant vform: bare ] moved: [ A: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] A-bar: [ first: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: accusative ] role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] subcat: [ comp: none subj: none ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] V'_12: [ cat: V' agr: [ person:irrelevant vform: bare ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: [ first: [ cat: IP role: Proposition type: [ fin: - q: - raising:+ root: - ] ] rest: none ] subj: none ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] V_13: [ cat: V agr: [ person:irrelevant vform: bare ] gloss: seem lex: seem moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: [ first: [ cat: IP role: Proposition type: [ fin: - q: - raising:+ root: - ] ] rest: none ] subj: none ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] IP_14: [ cat: IP moved: [ A: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] A-bar: [ first: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: accusative ] role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] subcat: [ subj: none ] type: [ fin: - q: - raising:+ root: - ] ] NP-A-trace_15: [ cat: NP-A-trace type: [ null: + ] ] I'_16: [ cat: I' moved: [ A: none A-bar: [ first: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: accusative ] role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] subcat: [ comp: none subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ fin: - q: - ] ] I_17: [ cat: I gloss: to.I lex: to type: [ fin: - ] ] VP_18: [ cat: VP agr: [ person:irrelevant vform: bare ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: [ first: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: accusative ] role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] subcat: [ comp: none subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] V'_19: [ cat: V' agr: [ person:irrelevant vform: bare ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: [ first: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: accusative ] role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] subcat: [ comp: none subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] V'_20: [ cat: V' agr: [ person:irrelevant vform: bare ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: [ first: [ cat: IP role: Proposition type: [ fin: + q: - root: - ] ] rest: none ] subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] V_21: [ cat: V agr: [ person:irrelevant vform: bare ] gloss: think lex: think moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: [ first: [ cat: IP role: Proposition type: [ fin: + q: - root: - ] ] rest: none ] subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] IP_22: [ cat: IP moved: [ A: none A-bar: [ first: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: accusative ] role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] subcat: [ subj: none ] type: [ fin: + root: - ] ] NP_23: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: nominative gender:fem number:sg person:3rd ] gloss: Amy lex: Amy type: [ anaphor:- animate:+ pred: - wh: - ] ] I'_24: [ cat: I' agr: [ number:sg person:3rd vform: pres ] moved: [ A-bar: [ first: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: accusative ] role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] subcat: [ comp: none subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ fin: + root: - ] ] VP_25: [ cat: VP agr: [ number:sg person:3rd vform: pres ] moved: [ A-bar: [ first: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: accusative ] role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] subcat: [ comp: none subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] V'_26: [ cat: V' agr: [ number:sg person:3rd vform: pres ] moved: [ A-bar: [ first: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: accusative ] role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] subcat: [ comp: none subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] V'_27: [ cat: V' agr: [ number:sg person:3rd vform: pres ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] V_28: [ cat: V agr: [ number:sg person:3rd vform: pres ] gloss: likes lex: likes moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] NP-trace_29: [ cat: NP-trace type: [ null: + ] ] 1 parse found
The program produces the following output for the input:
Amy tries to like herself
S_1 | CP_2 | C'_3 | IP_4 ______|_______ NP_5 I'_6 Amy | VP_7 | V'_8 ______|_______ V'_9 CP_11 | | V_10 C'_12 tries | IP_13 ______|______ PRO_14 I'_15 0 _____|______ I_16 VP_17 to | V'_18 ____|____ V'_19 NP_21 | herself V_20 like S_1: [ cat: S ] CP_2: [ cat: CP moved: [ A: none A-bar: none head: none ] type: [ fin: + q: - root: + wh: - ] ] C'_3: [ cat: C' moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] type: [ fin: + q: - root: + ] ] IP_4: [ cat: IP moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ subj: none ] type: [ fin: + q: - root: + ] ] NP_5: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: nominative gender:fem number:sg person:3rd ] gloss: Amy lex: Amy type: [ anaphor:- animate:+ pred: - wh: - ] ] I'_6: [ cat: I' agr: [ number:sg person:3rd vform: pres ] bind: [ agr: [ gender:fem number:sg person:3rd ] ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: none subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ fin: + q: - root: + ] ] VP_7: [ cat: VP agr: [ number:sg person:3rd vform: pres ] bind: [ agr: [ gender:fem number:sg person:3rd ] ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: none subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] V'_8: [ cat: V' agr: [ number:sg person:3rd vform: pres ] bind: [ agr: [ gender:fem number:sg person:3rd ] ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: none subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] V'_9: [ cat: V' agr: [ number:sg person:3rd vform: pres ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: [ first: [ cat: CP role: Proposition type: [ fin: - q: - raising:- root: - ] ] rest: none ] subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] V_10: [ cat: V agr: [ number:sg person:3rd vform: pres ] gloss: tries lex: tries moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: [ first: [ cat: CP role: Proposition type: [ fin: - q: - raising:- root: - ] ] rest: none ] subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] CP_11: [ cat: CP bind: [ agr: [ gender:fem number:sg person:3rd ] ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: none head: none ] type: [ fin: - q: - root: - wh: - ] ] C'_12: [ cat: C' bind: [ agr: [ gender:fem number:sg person:3rd ] ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] type: [ fin: - q: - root: - ] ] IP_13: [ cat: IP bind: [ agr: [ gender:fem number:sg person:3rd ] ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ subj: none ] type: [ fin: - q: - root: - ] ] PRO_14: [ cat: PRO type: [ null: + ] ] I'_15: [ cat: I' bind: [ agr: [ gender:fem number:sg person:3rd ] ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: none subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ fin: - q: - ] ] I_16: [ cat: I gloss: to.I lex: to type: [ fin: - ] ] VP_17: [ cat: VP agr: [ person:irrelevant vform: bare ] bind: [ agr: [ gender:fem number:sg person:3rd ] ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: none subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] V'_18: [ cat: V' agr: [ person:irrelevant vform: bare ] bind: [ agr: [ gender:fem number:sg person:3rd ] ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: none subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] V'_19: [ cat: V' agr: [ person:irrelevant vform: bare ] moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] V_20: [ cat: V agr: [ person:irrelevant vform: bare ] gloss: like lex: like moved: [ A: none A-bar: none ] subcat: [ comp: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Theme type: [ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] subj: [ first: [ cat: NP role: Agent type: [ animate:+ pred: - ] ] rest: none ] ] type: [ aux: - passive:- ] ] NP_21: [ cat: NP agr: [ case: accusative gender:fem number:sg person:3rd ] gloss: herself lex: herself type: [ anaphor:+ animate:+ pred: - wh: - ] ] 1 parse found
Ungrammatical examples that must be ruled out are noted by | *
1. Coordination, subcategorization and particle movement:
we like old movies and popcorn those extremely feisty and playful young cats and dogs bother me John turned on the light with the bananas John turned the light with the bananas on John turned for the light John turned the light for | * John turned off the light John turned the light off we count on John for bananas we count on John we count | * John sleeps John sleeps bananas | * John likes bananas John likes | * John likes bananas with the bombing we depend on John we depend | * we depend with John | * the authorities blamed an innocent man for the bombing the authorities blamed an innocent man with the bombing | * the authorities blamed an innocent man of the bombing | * the authorities accused an innocent man of the bombing the authorities accused an innocent man for the bombing | * the authorities accused an innocent man with the bombing | * the authorities charged an innocent man with the bombing the authorities charged an innocent man for the bombing | * the authorities charged an innocent man of the bombing | * the authorities blamed an innocent man the authorities accused an innocent man the authorities charged an innocent man
Amy might give the book to Bill might Amy give the book to Bill what might Amy give to Bill who might give the book to Bill whom might Amy give the book to to whom might Amy give the book who might Amy give the book to Bill | * what might Amy give the book to Bill | * Jorge might think Amy likes Bill who might Jorge think Amy likes who might Jorge think likes Amy Jorge might wonder whether Amy likes Bill Jorge might wonder who Amy likes
3. Auxiliaries, case, agreement, and copular constructions:
Bill had seemed to like Amy Bill might have seemed to like Amy Amy has tried to give the book to Bill Amy had tried to give the book to Bill Amy might have tried to give the book to Bill Amy might has tried to give the book to Bill | * Amy has might try to give the book to Bill | * me have tried to give the book to Bill | * Amy has tried to give the book to we | * Jorge has been feisty has Jorge been feisty who has been feisty Jorge is feisty is Jorge feisty who is feisty Jorge seems feisty Jorge has seemed feisty who has seemed feisty the popcorn might be ours might the popcorn be ours what might be ours the popcorn is ours is the popcorn ours what is ours whose is the popcorn whose popcorn is that Jorge is president is Jorge president who is president Jorge is the president is Jorge the president who is the president what is Jorge what office is Jorge the book is under the bed is the book under the bed the book could be under the bed could the book be under the bed what could be under the bed what could the book be under the book was under the bed was the book under the bed the books are under the bed are the books under the bed the books is under the bed | * is the books under the bed | * the popcorn is ours the popcorn is our | * Jorge likes me Jorge likes I | * Jorge likes his book Jorge likes him book | * Jorge likes he book | * Jorge likes Bill's book Jorge likes Bill book | * he likes bananas him likes bananas | * Jorge likes those movies of mine Jorge likes those movies of my | * Jorge likes those movies of me Jorge likes those movies of I | *
4. Passives and unaccusatives:
Bill has broken the glass Bill broke the glass the glass was broken the glass was broken by Bill Bill was broken the glass | * Bill broken the glass | * Bill died Bill was died | * Bill was dying Bill has died the glass broke the glass is breaking the glass has broken
5. Equi and Raising Constructions:
Bill seems to like Amy Jorge seems to think Amy likes Bill Amy tried to give the book to Bill Amy seemed to try to give the book to Bill who might Jorge seem to think Amy likes what might Amy try to give to Bill
Amy likes herself Amy likes himself | * we like ourselves we like myself | * Bill likes the picture of himself Bill likes the picture of herself | * Jorge talks to himself Jorge talks to herself | * Jorge talks to Bill about himself Jorge talks to Bill about herself | * Jorge thinks Amy likes herself Jorge thinks Amy likes himself | * Amy tries to like herself Amy tries to like himself | * Amy seems to like herself Amy seems to like himself | *
7. Adjuncts versus complements:
Bill put the book on the bed Bill put the book on the bed in the morning Bill put the book on the bed on Tuesday Bill put the book in the morning | *
Date created: 17-Dec-1997
URL:
http://www.sil.org/silewp/1997/006/appendix.html
Questions/Comments:
SILEWP@sil.org
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